Showing posts with label ÀÍÓ. Show all posts
Showing posts with label ÀÍÓ. Show all posts

Sunday, November 29, 2009

АНУ


The United States of America (commonly referred to as the United States, the U.S., the USA, or America) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to its east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories, or insular areas, in the Caribbean and Pacific.

At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km²) and with about 306 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area, and third largest by land area and by population. The United States is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries.[7] The U.S. economy is the largest national economy in the world, with an estimated 2008 gross domestic product (GDP) of US $14.3 trillion (23% of the world total based on nominal GDP and almost 21% at purchasing power parity).[4][8]

Àìåðèêûí Íýãäñýí Óëñ (åðºíõèé人 the United States, the U.S., the USA, áîëîí America ãýæ äóðüäàãääàã) íü òàâèí óëñ áîëîí õîëáîîíû ä¿¿ðýãýýñ á¿ðäýõ õîëáîîíû ¿íäñýí õóóëüòàé á¿ãä íàéðàìäàõ óëñ þì. Õîéä Àìåðèêàä óëñóóäûíõ èõýíõ íü òºâëºðäºã áàéíà. Çýðýãöýý áàéðëàõ 48 óëñ áîëîí íèéñëýë ä¿¿ðýã áîëîõ Washington, D.C. áàéðëàäàã áàéíà. Õîéä Àìåðèêà íü Íîìõîí äàëàé áîëîí Àòëàíòûí äàëàéí õîîðîíä îðøèõ áºãººä õîéä õýñãýýðýý Êàíàä, óðä õýñãýýðýý Ìåêñèêòýé õèë çàëãàäàã áàéíà. Àëàñêà íü òèâèéí õîéä õýñýãò áàéðëàõ áºãººä ç¿¿í õýñãýýðýý Êàíàä, Bering Strait äàãóó áàðóóí õýñãýýðýý Îðîñòîé õèë çàëãàäàã áàéíà. Hawaii íü Íîìõîí äàëàéí äóíä áàéðëàõ õýñýã àðàë þì. ̺í Êàðèáûí òýíãèñ áîëîí Íîìõîí äàëàéä õýä õýäýí ãàçàð áîëîí àðëóóäûã ýçýìøäýã áàéíà.

3.79 ñàÿ ìàéë (9.83 àÿ ìåòð êâ) òàëáàéòàé áîëîí 306 ñàÿ õ¿íòýé Íýãäñýí Óëñ íü íèéò ãàçàð íóòãààðàà ãóðàâ ýñâýë äºðºâò îðîõ ãàçàð íóòàãòàé áà íýã õ¿íä íîîãäîõ ãàçàðûí õýìæýýãýýðýý ãóðàâò îðäîã áàéíà. Íýãäñýí Óëñ íü äýëõèéí îëîí óñãààòàí, îëîí ñî¸ëûí ¿íäýñòýí¿¿ä áîëîí îëîí óëñûí öàãàà÷ëàëûí òîì õýìæýýíèé á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿í óëñóóäûí íýã þì. ÀÍÓ-í ýäèéí çàñàã íü äýëõèé äýýðõ õàìãèéí òîì ¿íäýñíèé ýäèéí çàñàã þì. 2008 îíä ÀÍÓ-í äîòîîäûí íèéò á¿òýýãäýõ¿¿í íü 14.3 òðèëëèîí (íýðëýñýí ÄÍÁ íü äýëõèéí íèéò ÄÍÁ-íû 23% áà õóäàëäàí àâàõ ÷àäâàðûí òýíöäýðò áàéäàë íü áàðàã 21%)

Албама, эдийн засаг


Huge cotton plantations using slave labor were once common in Alabama. Today, cotton is no longer the basis of the state's economy, even though it is still a chief producer of the crop. However, more of the state's land is now used to grow soybeans and corn. Peanuts and melons are other important crops grown in Alabama. Livestock is also raised in the state.

In addition to being an agricultural state, Alabama has emerged as an industrial state. Its rivers are important for flood control and hydroelectric power. The construction and manufacturing industries employ more than a quarter of the state's workers. Alabama also has a prosperous textile industry and about 22 million acres of commercial forestland.

Alabama has rich deposits of iron ore, coal, and limestone. This has helped make the state a leader in steel production. Birmingham (seen above), Alabama's largest city, is the greatest producer of steel in the South.

Àëáàìàä òîì õýìæýýíèé õºâºíãèéí òàëáàéíóóä íü áîîë àâ÷ àæèëëóóëàõ íü íèéòëýã áàéæýý. ªíººäºð õºâºí íü ýäèéí çàñãèéí ãîë ñóóðü áèø áîëîâ ÷ óðãàöèéí ãîë ¿éëäâýðëýã÷ õýâýýð áàéíà. Ãýñýí õýäèé ÷ ãàçðûíõàà èõýíõèéã íü îäîî áóóðöàã áîëîí ýðäýíý øèø òàðèàëàõàä õýðýãëýæ áàéíà. Àëáàìàä òàðèæ óðãóóëäàã ººð ÷óõàë óðãàö íü ãàçðûí ñàìàð áîëîí øèéãóà þì. ̺í Àëáàìàä ìàëûí òîî òîëãîé íýìýãäýæ áàéíà.

Ãàçàð òàðèàëàíãèéí óëñ áàéñàí Àëáàìà íü àæ ¿éëäâýðèéí óëñ áîëîí ãàð÷ èðæ áàéíà. Ãîë ìºðí¿¿ä íü ¿åðèéí òîãòîîí áàðèõ áîëîí óñàí öàõèëãààí ýð÷èì õ¿÷ ¿¿ñãýõýä ÷óõàë à÷ õîëáîãäîëòîé áàéäàã. Óëñûíõ íü àæèëëàõ õ¿÷íèé äºðâºíèé íýãýýñ èë¿¿ íü áàðèëãà áîëîí ¿éëäâýðèéí ãàçàðò àæèëëàäàã áàéíà. Àëáàìà íü ìºí õóäàëäààíû çîîðèëãîîð ìîä áýëòãýõ 22 ñàÿ àêðà ãàçàðòàé áà öýöýãëýæ áàéãàà äààâóóíû ¿éëäâýðòýé.

Àëáàìà íü òºìðèéí õ¿äýð, í¿¿ðñ áîëîí øîõîéí ÷óëóóí áàÿëàã òóíàäàñ(øààð)òàé. Ýíý íü ãàíãèéí ¿éëäâýðëýëýýð òýðã¿¿ëýõ óëñ áîëîõîä íü äýìæèæ áàéíà. Àëáàìàãûí òîì õîò áîëîõ Birmingham(çóðàã äýýðõ) íü óëñûíõàà ãàíãèéí õàìãèéí òîì ¿éëäâýðëýã÷ þì.

Албама , газарзүй


Alabama is an East South Central state bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west. The state has a panhandle along the Gulf of Mexico and boasts a subtropical climate with long, hot summers and mild winters. Mobile, the state's only seaport, is a major United States seaport; Alabama has one of the best water-transportation systems in the South.

Alabama's landscape includes forest-covered hills and ridges in the north and dense pine forests, rolling grasslands, and low croplands in the south. The Mobile Delta region in the southern area of the state has numerous swamps and bayous, which are shallow channels filled with slow-moving water. Beaches border Mobile Bay and the Gulf of Mexico at the state's southern tip.

Ãàçàð ç¿é

Àëáàìà íü ç¿¿í ºìíº ç¿ãò áàéðëàõ áà õîéä õýñãýýðýý Tennessee, ç¿¿í õýñãýýðýý Georgia, ºìíºä õýñãýýðýý Florida áîëîí Mexico-í áóëàí õàðèí áàðóóí õýñãýýðýý Mississippi óëñóóäòàé õèë çàëãàäàã. Àëáàìà íü Mexico-í áóëàí äàãóó äîãîë ãàçàðòàé áà õàëóóí îðíû óóð àìüñãàë óðò õóãàöààíä ¿ðãýëæëýõ áºãººä çóíäàà õàëóóí, ºâºë人 纺ëºí äóëààí áàéäãààðàà áàõàðõäàã áàéíà. Àëáàìàãûí íàìàãòàé öîð ãàíö äàëàéí áîîìò íü Àìåðêûí íýãäñýí óëñûí ãîë äàëàéí áîîìò áºãººä ºìíº ç¿ã äýõü õàìãèéí ñàéí óñàí òýýâðèéí ñ¿ëæýýí¿¿äèéí íýã þì.

Àëáàìàãûí õºäºº íóòàã íü õîéä õýñãýýðýý îé ìîäîîð á¿ðõýãäñýí óóëûí õÿð áîëîí äîâ òîëãîäòîé áà ºìíºä õýñãýýðýý ºòãºí íàðñàí îé, ºâñºðõºã òàë ãàçàð áîëîí áàãà çýðýã òàðèàí òàëáàéòàé. Àëáàìàãûí óðä ç¿ãò áàéðëàõ Mobile Delta(òýãø áîëîí íàì äîð áàéðëàõ íàìàãòàé ãàçàð) íü ã¿åõýí óñòàé, íàìàãòàé þì. Àëáàìàãûí ºìíº ç¿ã äýõü äîãîë õýñýãò áàéðëàõ Mexico-í áóëàí áîëîí Mobile Bay(ãàçðûí íýð) íü äàëàéí ýðýãòýé õèëëýäýã áàéíà.

Албамагийн түүх



USA-í States-óóäûã ¿ñãèéí äàðààëàëààð íü òóõàéí óëñûí ýäèéí çàñàã áîëîí ò¿¿õèéã íü òîâ÷ îð÷óóëàí ýõ õóâèëáàðòàé íü öóã òàâüëàà. Äîîðõ ìýäýýëýëèéã íåòýýñ àâñàí áîëíî. Áè àíãëè õýë áîëîí ìîíãîë õýëèéã ñàéí ìýäýõã¿é ÷ ñîíèðõîëûíõîî õ¿ðýýíä íèéòýëëýý.

Alabama has an interesting history. During the Civil War, Montgomery, the state capital, was the capital of the Confederate States of America. Because of this, Montgomery is known as the "Cradle of the Confederacy." It is also the birthplace of the Confederate Constitution, and where Jefferson Davis was sworn in as President of the Confederacy in Alabama. In fact, because of the state's Civil War history and central location in the Deep South, Alabama is known as the "Heart of Dixie."

Another of Alabama's nicknames is the "Yellowhammer State." The state probably got this nickname because its Confederate troops placed yellow trimmings on their uniforms during the Civil War. Yellowhammers are birds with yellow patches under their wings.

Alabama íü ñîíèðõîëòîé ò¿¿õòýé. Èðãýíèé äàéíû ¿åä Àëáàìàãûí íèéñëýë Montgomery íü Àìåðêûí Õîëáîîò Óëñûí íèéñëýë áàéæýý. Ó÷èð íü Montgomery íü “Õîëáîîíû ýõëýëèéã òàâüñàí ãàçàð” ãýäãýýðýý òàíèãäñàí. ̺í Õîëáîîíû ¯íäñýí Õóóëü ìýíäýëñýí ãàçàð áà Jefferson Davis Àëáàìàä Õîëáîîò Óëñûíõàà åðºíõèéëºã÷èéí òàíàãðàãèéã ºðãºæ áàéæýý. Áàðèìòààð, Óëñûí Èðãýíèé Äàéíû ò¿¿õ áîëîí ºìíº ç¿ã äýõü òºâ öýã ó÷ðààñ Àëáàìà íü “Heart of Dixie” àëäàðøñàí áàéíà.

Àëáàìàã ººðººð “Yellowhammer State” ãýæ íýðëýäýã áàéíà. Èðãýíèé äàéíû ¿åä Àëáàìàãûí öýðýã¿¿ä øàð öàöàãòàé ä¿ðýìò õóâöàñ ºìñäºã áàéñàí áîëîõîîð “Yellowhammer State” ãýæ íýðëýãäñýí áàéæ ìàãàäã¿é þì. Yellowhammer íü äàëàâ÷íûõàà äîîð øàð òîëâîòîé øóâóó þì.